Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)

What is the neonatal intensive care unit?

Newborn babies who need intensive medical attention are often admitted into a special area of the hospital called the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). The Neonatal Unit combines advanced technology and trained healthcare professionals to provide specialized care for the tiniest patients. Neonatal Units may also have intermediate or continuing care areas for babies who are not as sick but do need specialized nursing care. Some hospitals do not have the personnel or a Neonatal Unit and babies must be transferred to another hospital.

Although about 9 percent of all newborn babies require care in a Neonatal Unit, giving birth to a sick or premature baby can be quite unexpected for any parent. Unfamiliar sights, sounds, and equipment in the Neonatal Unit can be overwhelming. This information is provided to help you understand some of the problems of sick and premature babies. You will also find out about some of the procedures that may be needed for the care of your baby.

Which babies need special care?

Most babies admitted to the Neonatal Unit are premature (born before 37 weeks of pregnancy), have low birthweight (less than 5.5 pounds), or have a medical condition that requires special care. In the US, nearly 12 percent of babies are born preterm, and many of these babies also have low birthweights. Twins, triplets, and other multiples often are admitted to the Neonatal Unit, as they tend to be born earlier and smaller than single birth babies. Babies with medical conditions such as heart problems, infections, or birth defects are also cared for in the Neonatal Unit.

The following are some factors that can place a baby at high risk and increase the chances of being admitted to the Neonatal Unit. However, each baby must be evaluated individually to determine the need for admission.

Who will care for your baby in the Neonatal Unit?

There are specially trained healthcare professionals who will be involved in the care of your baby.

The members of the Neonatal Unit team work together with parents to develop a plan of care for high-risk newborns. Ask about the Neonatal Units parent support groups and other programs designed to encourage parental involvement.

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The content provided here is for informational purposes only, and was not designed to diagnose or treat a health problem or disease, or replace the professional medical advice you receive from your physician. Please consult your physician with any questions or concerns you may have regarding your condition.

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